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Literatur

Cornacchia D, Fabbri M, Puglisi A, Moracchini P, Bernasconi M, Nastasi M, Menozzi C, Mascioli G, Marotta T, de Seta F.
Latest generation of unipolar and bipolar steroid eluting leads – Long-term comparison of electrical performance in atrium and ventricles.
Europace 2000; 2: 240-244.

de Buitleir M, Kou WH, Schmaltz S, Morady F.
Acute Changes in Pacing Threshold and R- or P-Wave Amplitude During Permanent Pacemaker Implantation.
Am J Cardiol 1990; 65: 999-1003.

del Rio A, Anguera I, Miro JM, Mont L, Fowler VG Jr, Azqueta M, Mestres CA, Hospital Clinic Endocarditis Study Group.
Surgical treatment of pacemaker and defibrillator lead endocarditis: the impact of electrode lead extraction on outcome.
Chest 2003; 124 (4): 1451-1459.

Gumbrielle TP, Bourke JP, Sinkovic M, Tynan M, Kittpawong P, Gold RG.
Long-Term Thresholds of Nonsteroidal Permanent Pacing Leads: A 5-Year-Study.
Pace 1996; 19: 829-835.

Haverkamp W, Breithardt G,
Moderne Herzrhythmustherapie.
Stuttgart. Thieme; 2003.

Møller M, Arnsbo P.
Danish Pacemaker Register – Annual Report 2006. www.pacemaker.dk/stat2006.pdf
(Recherchedatum: 11.06.2007).

Rusconi L, Sigliano R, Mininno A.
The “SPEM” (Studio Policentrico Elettrocateteri Membrane): A Multicenter Study on Membrane Leads.
Pace 1998; 21: 1943-1948.

Shandling AH, Castellanet MJ, Thomas LA, Messenger JC.
The Influence of Endocardial Electrode Fixation Status on Acute and Chronic Atrial Stimulation Threshold and Atrial Endocardial Electrogram Amplitude.
Pace 1990; 13: 1116-1122.

Svensson O, Karlsson JE, Binner L, Brobe R, Hohler H, Kreuzer J, Malm D, Matheis G, Pietersen A, Schenkel W.
Comparison of threshold values between steroid and nonsteroid unipolar membrane leads.
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 1994; (11 Pt 2): 2008-2011.

Uslan DZ, Baddour LM.
Cardiac device infections: getting to the heart of the matter.
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2006; 19 (4): 345-348.

Vlay SC.
Complications of Active-Fixation Electrodes.
Pace 2002; 25 (8): 1153-1154.